Afan / Nedd

PONT-RHYD-Y-FEN

Pont-rhyd-y-fen is the name of a village in the Afan Valley close to the confluence of the river Pelenna with the larger river Afan. Pont-rhyd-y-fen contains three main elements, Welsh pont ‘bridge’, rhyd ‘ford’ and ben ‘cart, waggon’ giving ‘bridge and ford of the waggon’. One would guess that the early name would have been Rhyd-y-fen, as the ford would have predated the bridge and the 1460-80 form of Ryd y venn ‘the cart ford’ confirms this. By 1536-39 a bridge had been erected nearby as signified by ponte Rethven of that date and a later Pont Rhyd y ven of 1714. A farm holding land by the bridge and ford is recorded in 1601 as Tir pont rydyven and as Tyr Pen Pont Rhyd y ven ‘land at the end of the cart ford and bridge’ in 1756. When the coal-mining village was established during the 19th century it took an abbreviated name of Pont rhyd-yfen, discarding the earlier tir ‘land’ and pen ‘end’ of 1756. The photo opposite shows the two 19th century bridges there. I am grateful to Gwynedd o. Pierce for recording the early dates and forms in his article on Pont-rhyd-y-fen in ‘Ar Draws Gwlad 2’ page 82.

RIVER AFAN

Auan, Auen                                         c.1150,            Hist. Margam, 24.

Aven a.                                                1167,               Hist. Margam, 35.

The two rivers of Avana                     12^th cent.          Hist. Margam, 135.

The Great Aven                                  1208                Hist. Margam, 181.

Avyn                                                    14^th cent.          R.B.B. 412.

Avan, Aven                                         1443                Hist. Margam, 344.

Avan                                                    1455-85           L.G.C. 84.

Avon, Avon Vaur, Avon Vechan         1536-9,            Leland, 29, 30.

Avan Fechan alias Abergwenffrwd     1601                Bushby Coll.

The River Avan, Avan Fechan            c.1700,            Lhuyd Paroch. III. 6.

This river rises on Crug Afan in Blaen Afan and flows by Cymer Afan (where it is joined by the Corrwg stream) and Pont Rhyd-y-fen, through Cwm Afan onwards to Llanfihangel Ynys Afan (Michaelston-super-Avan) and into the sea at Aberafan.

The Afan Fechan (the lesser Afan) joins the Afan at Cymer Dwy Afan in Pont Rhyd-y-fen. There is an old chapel dedicated to Illtud at Argoed Afan.

Afan is not confined to the Neath-Port Talbot area. It occurs as a pers. name in Afan Ferddig, also as a saint's name in the churches at Llanafan Fawr and Llanafan Fechan (Brecs.), known today as Llanfechan, and in Llanafan (y Trawsgoed) (Cards.). The saint is presumed to be Afan Buellt, a reputed Bishop of  Llanbadarn fawr, (Cards.)

One etymology links Afan with the Latin Amandus, but Avan occurs in Breton as a masc. and fem. pers. name, with its Scottish equivalent  as saint Aban or  Abann;  while Abana is a Gallic fem. pers. name.

If  the Afan pers. name is seen here as the Afan river-name, then it is another example of  a pers. name standing alone as a river-name as in Bradach, Adda, Alun, Beuno, Cynfael, Cynon, Dewi, etc. having lost the accompanying afon or nant.

It is also possible that afan emanates from old Irish abann ‘river'. It would appear then to be either a borrowing from Old Irish, or descended from a form that was at one time, common to all Celtic languages. The Welsh coll. or pl. n. afan ‘raspberries', must also be remembered.

The examples recorded at the top of the page show that this river-name (which was also the name of the commote or lordship) had varying early forms of  Afan, Afen Afyn although Afan alone survived. These different forms were the effects of a lost ultimate vowel. Or is the reason for the Aven form (that occurs mainly in official documents) the fact that  Aven or Afene, a weakening of the earlier Afone form, is the most common form used in Mid. English for the numerous Avon rivers in England?

The above is a translated and paraphrased account of R. J. Thomas's article in EANC pp35-36. This is the most comprehensive and detailed discussion that I have read on this river-name.  Most present day toponymists tend to favour the Afan pers. name etymology. [ see HWO & RM in DWPN;  Howard Jones in Place Names in Glamorgan; MR in The Names of Towns and Cities in Britain.] Port Talbot philologist Alwyn B. Jones however favours Taliesin ab Iolo's  a and ban ‘from the heights'.

Cwmafon and Aberafon are relatively recent forms for the earlier and more accurate Cwmafan and Aberafan. [The Port Talbot name was coined in 1836 when new docks were constructed at the mouth of the river Afan for exporting coal and iron. The docks were named after the Talbot family who, through marriage, had inherited the old Margam and Penrhys estates.]

Whatever the etymology, the River Afan contains an old, respected and continuous place-name element. It should not be confused with afon, the Welsh word for ‘river'. Afan has been in use for hundreds of years, since its inception during the early middle ages. Let us respect its history and preserve its longevity.

DMJ.  March 2009.

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SEVEN SISTERS / BLAENDULAIS 

Mr. Evan Evans and his nephew Mr. David Bevan were the eponymous Evans and Bevan of the Vale of Neath Brewery in Cadoxton. They also built an ‘anthracite empire’ in the Dulais Valley. Seven Sisters was the bright idea of David Bevan’s only son Evan Evans Bevan, who suggested at the opening ceremony in 1872, that the Dylais Valley Colliery be named after his ‘seven sisters’.  The pit was in production by 1875 and by 1882, the village had adopted the colliery name. The earlier name for the land around the colliery was Blaendulais, as it was located at the head of the Dulais stream. Today the village is known as both Seven Sisters and Blaendulais.  

BANWEN

blain peurdin                             12^th cent.          LL

Pewerdyn                                 1468    CMG   MRA

Pyrthyn                                    1539    Penpont  NLW

Pyrddyn                                   1628    John Jenkins NLW

Gwayne Banwen                      1722    Penrice and Margam

Panwaun Byrddin                     1799    Yates

Banwen (dwelling)                    1806    Miers

Panwen Byrddin                       1814    GVADESW

Tavarn y Banwen                      1831    ibid

Coal under Banwen Burthin      1819    Cambrian

Banwen Ironworks                   1844    Banwen History online

Banwen Colliery                       1845    Neath History online

Banwen Pyrddin                       1991    OS Pathfinder 1108

Banwen                                    1991    ibid

The banwen place-name element is found elsewhere in south Wales, therefore pyrddin is used as a distinguishing element in Banwen Pyrddin. It is the name of a small stream, (Afon Pyrddin) that flows through the moor land before joining the Nedd Fechan  near Pwll du ar Byrddin. The etymology of pyrddin is difficult. On the face of it, one could be drawn towards the Welsh noun  purddyn, ‘pure man, good man; puritan’, but this etymology is unsound due to the variances of the earlier 1468 and 12^th cent. forms.